恐竜の性別は骨の傷で分かる?新しい研究

New Research: Dinosaur gender identified by scars on bones?

New Research: Dinosaur gender identified by scars on bones?
昔から、恐竜のオスとメスを化石で見分けることはとても難しいことでした

Since long ago, it has been very hard to differentiate between male and female dinosaur fossils.

Since long ago, it has been very hard to differentiate between male and female dinosaur fossils.
しかし、最近の研究で、ハドロサウルスという恐竜のグループでは、性別が分かるかもしれないという発見がありました

However, a recent study has made a discovery that distinguishing gender might be possible in a group of dinosaurs called Hadrosaurus.

However, a recent study has made a discovery that distinguishing gender might be possible in a group of dinosaurs called Hadrosaurus.
ハドロサウルスは、カモノハシ竜とも呼ばれる草食恐竜で、白亜紀の終わりごろに世界中に住んでいました

Hadrosaurus, called the platypus dragon, is a herbivorous dinosaur that lived throughout the world around the end of the Cretaceous period.

Hadrosaurus, called the platypus dragon, is a herbivorous dinosaur that lived throughout the world around the end of the Cretaceous period.
多くのハドロサウルスの化石には、尾の付け根の骨に同じような傷が見つかっています

In many Hadrosaurus fossils, they have found the same scars at the tail bone joint.

In many Hadrosaurus fossils, they have found the same scars at the tail bone joint.
この傷は、治ったあとが残っているので、恐竜が生きているときにできたものだと考えられます

hese scars were left behind after healing, so it is assumed that they were made while it was living.

hese scars were left behind after healing, so it is assumed that they were made while it was living.
研究者たちは、この傷がオスがメスの上に乗って交尾したときにできたものではないかと考えています

Scientists think that maybe these scars are made when the males mount the females during mating.

Scientists think that maybe these scars are made when the males mount the females during mating.
いろいろな場所のハドロサウルスの化石を調べると、同じような傷がたくさん見つかりました

When examining Hadrosaurus fossils in various places, they discovered many such similar scars.

When examining Hadrosaurus fossils in various places, they discovered many such similar scars.
ほかの理由、たとえばケンカや事故でできた傷ではないかも調べましたが、交尾のときの傷が一番説明しやすいということが分かりました

Other reasons, for example, injuries from fights or accidents are also considered possible, but injuries during mating are understood to be the best explanation.

Other reasons, for example, injuries from fights or accidents are also considered possible, but injuries during mating are understood to be the best explanation.
この発見で、ハドロサウルスのメスを見分ける手がかりになるかもしれません

With this discovery, these may become clues to distinguish female Hadrosauruses.

With this discovery, these may become clues to distinguish female Hadrosauruses.
しかし、まだ研究は始まったばかりで、もっと多くの化石を調べる必要があります

However, this research has just begun, and more fossils need to be examined.

However, this research has just begun, and more fossils need to be examined.
恐竜の性別を骨だけで見分けるのはとても難しいですが、今回の研究は新しい一歩となりました

It is very difficult to distinguish gender in dinosaur fossils but this study is one step further.

It is very difficult to distinguish gender in dinosaur fossils but this study is one step further.