中国">
中国は
日本との
戦争に
勝利して
80年の
記念日だとして、
3日、
首都・
北京で
軍事パレードを
行います。
China: China will hold a military parade in the capital, Beijing, on the 3rd to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its victory in the war against Japan.
ロシアのプーチン
大統領や
北朝鮮のキム・ジョンウン（
金正恩）
総書記も
出席する
予定で、
欧米主導の
国際秩序に
対抗し、
結束を
示すものとみられます。
Russian President Putin and North Korean General Secretary Kim Jong Un are also scheduled to attend, which is seen as a demonstration of unity in opposition to the Western-led international order.
中国は、9月3日を日本との戦争に勝利した80年の記念日だとして、北京の天安門広場で大規模な式典を開きます。
China will hold a large-scale ceremony in Beijings Tiananmen Square on September 3rd to mark the 80th anniversary of its victory over Japan in the war.
国営メディアによりますと、日本時間の午前10時から始まる式典では、習近平国家主席が演説し、軍事パレードが行われる予定だということです。
According to state media, at the ceremony scheduled to begin at 10 a.m. Japan time, President Xi Jinping will deliver a speech and a military parade is planned.
1万人以上を動員するパレードでは、極超音速兵器や無人機など最新の兵器を登場させ、軍備の増強を誇示して国威の発揚を図るとともに、共産党による統治の正統性を強調するとみられます。
In parades that draw more than 10,000 participants, the latest weapons such as hypersonic arms and drones are expected to be showcased, demonstrating military buildup to boost national prestige and emphasizing the legitimacy of Communist Party rule.
また、ロシアのプーチン大統領や北朝鮮のキム・ジョンウン総書記など20か国以上の首脳が出席する予定です。
Also, more than 20 national leaders, including Russian President Putin and North Korean General Secretary Kim Jong Un, are scheduled to attend.
2日は、習主席とプーチン大統領が会談し連携の強化を確認したほか、列車で北京に到着したキム総書記を中国共産党の最高指導部のメンバーが出迎えました。
On the 2nd, President Xi and President Putin held talks and confirmed the strengthening of their cooperation. In addition, members of the top leadership of the Chinese Communist Party welcomed General Secretary Kim, who arrived in Beijing by train.
ロシアの高官によりますと、パレードでは、習主席の両隣にプーチン大統領とキム総書記が座る予定だということです。
According to a senior Russian official, at the parade, President Putin and General Secretary Kim are scheduled to sit on either side of President Xi.
中国としては、戦後80年にあわせて戦勝国としての立場を誇示するとともに、欧米主導の国際秩序に対抗し、結束を示すものとみられます。
China is believed to be demonstrating its unity and countering the Western-led international order, while also asserting its status as a victorious nation in conjunction with the 80th anniversary of the end of the war.
中国 過去の軍事パレード
中国では建国記念日や共産党の重要な記念日に合わせて大規模な軍事パレードが行われ、国家の威信や軍の近代化を示す場となってきました。
Chinas Past Military Parades In China, large-scale military parades have been held on the National Day and important anniversaries of the Communist Party, serving as occasions to demonstrate the nations prestige and the modernization of its military.
初めてのパレードは中華人民共和国が成立した1949年に首都・北京の天安門広場周辺で行われ、1950年代は毎年行われてきました。
The first parade was held in 1949, when the Peoples Republic of China was founded, around Tiananmen Square in the capital, Beijing, and throughout the 1950s, it was held every year.
国内の混乱などを背景に1960年以降は中断されましたが、1984年の建国35年の節目で改革開放政策を進めた当時の最高実力者、※トウ小平氏のもとで軍事パレードが復活しました。
Although they were suspended after 1960 due to domestic turmoil and other factors, military parades were revived under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping, the top leader who promoted the policy of reform and opening up at the time, on the occasion of the 35th anniversary of the founding of the country in 1984.
その後">その後は、建国50年の1999年、建国60年の2009年と10年ごとの節目の年に歴代の最高指導者が閲兵してパレードが行われています。
After that, on milestone years every ten years—such as the 50th anniversary of the nations founding in 1999 and the 60th in 2009—the countrys successive top leaders have reviewed troops and held parades.
習近平国家主席が就任してからは、2015年に「抗日戦争勝利70年」を記念するパレードが開かれたほか、2017年には人民解放軍の創設90年を記念して内モンゴル自治区の訓練基地でパレードが行われました。
Since President Xi Jinping took office, a parade was held in 2015 to commemorate the 70th anniversary of victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan, and in 2017, a parade was held at a training base in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to mark the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Liberation Army.
ほか
2019年にも
建国70年を
記念してパレードが
行われています。
In addition, a parade was also held in 2019 to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the nation.
※トウは「登」におおざと
軍備増強 国防費は10年前の約2倍に
中国の国防費は年々、増えていて、ことしの国防費の予算はおよそ1兆7800億人民元、日本円で36兆円余りで、去年より7。※The tou in tō means to climb, and the large radical on the left indicates military buildup. Chinas defense budget is about twice what it was 10 years ago. Chinas defense spending has been increasing year by year, and this years defense budget is about 1.78 trillion yuan, which is over 36 trillion yen, about 7% more than last year.
防衛白書によりますと、
これは
10年前のおよそ
2倍に
増えています。
According to the Defense White Paper, this is about twice as much as it was ten years ago.
また日本の今年度の防衛関係費は8兆4700億円余りで、中国は日本の4倍以上となっています。
Japans defense-related expenditures for this fiscal year are over 8.47 trillion yen, while Chinas are more than four times that of Japan.
こうした国防費の拡大を背景に、中国は空母や戦闘機、極超音速兵器などの開発や配備を加速させています。
Against the backdrop of this expansion of defense spending, China is accelerating the development and deployment of aircraft carriers, fighter jets, and hypersonic weapons.
また国防費の詳細な内訳は公表されておらず、実際の額はさらに多いとも指摘されていて、欧米からは「透明性が不十分だ」などと懸念する声も出ています。
The detailed breakdown of national defense spending has not been disclosed, and some point out that the actual amount may be even higher. There are also concerns from Western countries, saying that transparency is insufficient.
一方で中国政府は「国防費がGDP＝国内総生産に占める割合は、長年にわたり1。On the other hand, the Chinese government says, The proportion of national defense spending to GDP Gross Domestic Product has remained at 1 for many years.
It remains below 5%, which is lower than the world average.
戦後80年 歴史に焦点当てる中国のねらいは
中国政府は、戦後80年のことしを「抗日戦争と反ファシズム戦争の勝利から80年」と位置づけています。
80 years after the war: What is Chinas aim in focusing on history? The Chinese government positions this year, marking 80 years since the end of the war, as “80 years since the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan and the World Anti-Fascist War.”
中国は日本との戦争について中国共産党が「中核的な役割を果たした」と主張していて、戦後80年の節目にその歴史に焦点を当てることで、共産党による統治の正統性を強調するねらいがあるとみられます。
China claims that the Chinese Communist Party played a central role in the war with Japan, and by focusing on that history on the 80th anniversary since the end of the war, it is seen as an attempt to emphasize the legitimacy of Communist Party rule.
軍事パレードを行う9月3日は第2次世界大戦で日本が降伏文書に署名した翌日にあたり、習近平国家主席が就任したあとの2014年に「抗日戦争勝利記念日」と定めました。
September 3, the day when the military parade is held, is the day after Japan signed the instrument of surrender in World War II, and in 2014, after President Xi Jinping took office, it was designated as the “Victory Day of the Chinese Peoples War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.”
この日にあわせて軍事パレードを行うのは10年前の2015年以来、今回が2回目で、最新の兵器を公開し軍備の増強を誇示することで国威発揚につなげたい考えもあるとみられます。
This will be the second time a military parade has been held on this day, the first being ten years ago in 2015. It is believed that by unveiling the latest weapons and showcasing the buildup of military strength, they aim to boost national prestige.
抗日戦争の宣伝も相次ぐ
中国政府は戦後80年のことし、日本との戦争の歴史に関する大々的なキャンペーンを展開しています。
The Chinese government, which has also been issuing a series of anti-Japanese war propaganda, is conducting a large-scale campaign this year, 80 years after the war, regarding the history of the war with Japan.
北京にある「抗日戦争記念館」では展示品を入れ替えるリニューアルが行われ、日中戦争の発端となった盧溝橋事件が起きた7月7日には中国共産党の最高指導部のメンバーも参加して大規模な式典が行われました。
At the Museum of the War of Resistance Against Japan in Beijing, a renewal took place in which the exhibits were replaced, and on July 7th—the anniversary of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident that triggered the Second Sino-Japanese War—a large-scale ceremony was held with members of the Chinese Communist Partys top leadership in attendance.
「記念館」では特別展も始まり、国営メディアによりますと、各地の学校の生徒たちが見学に訪れるなど先月下旬の時点で、来場者は60万人を超えたということです。
At the Memorial Hall, special exhibitions have also begun, and according to state media, by the end of last month, the number of visitors had exceeded 600,000, with students from schools across the country coming to visit.
また、関連する映画も国内で相次いで上映されていて、旧日本軍が多くの市民を殺害したなどとされる「南京事件」を題材にした「南京写真館」という映画は大きな話題を呼んでいます。
Additionally, related movies are being screened one after another in Japan, and the film Nanjing Photo Studio, which is based on the Nanjing Incident in which the former Japanese military is said to have killed many civilians, is attracting a lot of attention.
映画はフィクションを交えたストーリーで、残虐な場面も描かれていますが、中国メディアはこの夏、最も人気の映画だとして、連日のようにニュースで伝えています。
The movie features a story that mixes fiction, and while there are also brutal scenes depicted, Chinese media has been reporting it in the news almost every day this summer as the most popular film.
このほか、9月18日には旧日本軍で細菌戦などの研究を行っていたとされる「731部隊」を題材にした映画の上映も予定されています。
In addition, a film about Unit 731, which is said to have conducted research on bacteriological warfare and other activities for the former Japanese military, is also scheduled to be screened on September 18.
9月18日は満州事変の発端となった柳条湖事件が起きた日にあたり中国では「国の恥を忘れてはならない日」とされています。
September 18th marks the day of the Mukden Incident, which triggered the Manchurian Incident, and in China it is regarded as the Day to Never Forget National Humiliation.
日本大使館はこうしたキャンペーンについて反日感情の高まりに注意する必要があるとして、外出の際には大きな声での日本語の会話を控えることなどを呼びかけています。
The Japanese Embassy has called for caution regarding the rise of anti-Japanese sentiment associated with these campaigns, urging people to refrain from speaking loudly in Japanese when going out.
市民の声 冷静な意見も
日本との戦争の歴史に関して中国政府が主導する一連のキャンペーンについて、首都・北京で話を聞くとさまざまな声が聞かれました。Voices of citizens: Calm opinions as well Regarding the series of campaigns led by the Chinese government about the history of war with Japan, when we spoke to people in the capital, Beijing, we heard a variety of opinions.
このうち「南京事件」を題材にした映画を見たという男性は「映画を見たあと心が高揚し、祖国への愛が深まりました」と話していました。
Of these, a man who had seen a film about the Nanjing Incident said, After watching the movie, I felt uplifted and my love for my homeland deepened.
Also, a 40-year-old male office worker said, Im too busy with work to have time to be interested, but I think everyone needs to learn history.
中国のネット上には一部で日本に批判的な意見も書き込まれていますが、28歳の女性は「過激な発言については歴史についての感情を発散させているだけだと思う。
On the Chinese internet, there are some critical opinions about Japan, but a 28-year-old woman said, I think the extreme remarks are just people venting their feelings about history.
Everyone takes history seriously, but there is no one around me who holds hatred toward Japanese people, they said.
専門家 一連の宣伝「中華民族の求心力と結束力強化に効果」
中国の政府系シンクタンクの中国社会科学院日本研究所の楊伯江所長は日本との戦争の歴史をめぐる一連のキャンペーンについて「歴史を振り返ることで、なぜ戦争が起きたのか、深い問題を考えることができる。</blockquote>Expert: Series of campaigns Effective in strengthening the cohesion and unity of the Chinese nation<blockquote class=body-blockquote>Yang Bojiang, Director of the Institute of Japanese Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a government-affiliated think tank in China, commented on the series of campaigns regarding the history of war with Japan, saying, By reflecting on history, we can consider the deeper issues of why the war occurred.
It has an important inspiring effect in strengthening the cohesion and unity of the Chinese nation and promoting the building of the country, he said.
また、中国での反日感情の高まりを懸念する見方があることについては「中国国民は、軍国主義の日本と戦後の日本を区別する必要がある。
Regarding concerns about the rise of anti-Japanese sentiment in China, he said, The Chinese people need to distinguish between militaristic Japan and postwar Japan.
China is criticizing militaristic Japan.
I think many Chinese people understand that point, he said.
その上で中国と日本との関係については「ともに世界経済と国際政治の重要な国でアジア太平洋地域の大国だ。
On that basis, regarding the relationship between China and Japan, he said, Both are important countries in the world economy and international politics, and major powers in the Asia-Pacific region.
On the premise of adhering to the political foundations between China and Japan, there needs to be more contact, dialogue, exchange, and cooperation between the two countries, he said.
。
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